Why the Growth of Qanun Jinayah in Aceh was Slowly? An Analysis Using Structural Functionalism Theory
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30631/alrisalah.v21i2.928Keywords:
Qanun Jinayah, Sharia Institutions in Aceh, Structural-Functional TheoryAbstract
The growth of Qanun Jinayah in Aceh is running stagnantly, although the implementation of Islamic Sharia has been implementing for seventeen years. The local government ratified only five qanun Jinayah. In fact, within that time, Aceh Government had imposed 177 qanuns and the crime rate in the region is increasing. Based on the case, this article aims to discuss recent progress of Jinayah law in Aceh and the challenges it faces. Then, using structural-functionalism theory discuss how coordination among sharia institutions worked as part of totality implementation of Islamic law in Aceh. By using qualitative and descriptive-interpretative methods, to examine interpretations and experiences of the subjects, in this case the sharia institutions, including Islamic Sharia Office, the Ulama Consultative Council, Sharia Court, and Sharia police, during their effort to implement Islamic Sharia. And finally, draw conclusion that the growth and development of Jinayah law in Aceh was prolonged because of weak coordination function among the sharia institutions. Therefore, it required a systematic approach based on structural-functionalism theory to encourage coordination between the sharia institutions in supporting the kaffah implementation of Islamic law in Aceh, including its Jinayah law.
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References
Journals
Agustiansyah, Resistensi Penegakan Syariat Islam di Aceh Tenggara, Journal Of Con-temporary Islam And Muslim Societies, Vol. 1 No. 2 Juli-Desember 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/jcims.v1i2.1392
Amsori & Jailani, Legislasi Qanun Jinayat Aceh dalam Sistem Hukum Nasional, Ar-Raniry, International Journal Of Islamic Studies Vol. 4 , No. 2, Desember 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/jar.v4i2.7549.
Berutu, Ali Geno, Faktor Penghambat dalam Penegakan Qanun Jinayat di Aceh (Studi Ka-sus Penerapan Qanun no. 14 tahun 2003 di Kota Subulussalam), Jurnal Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum, Vol.14. Issue 2, Desember 2017.
https://doi.org/10.32332/istinbath.v14i2.951.
Endri, Analisis yuridis terhadap legalitas qanun Aceh No. 6/2014 Tentang Hukum Jinayat, Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 20, No. 1, (April, 2018), p. 123-147. https://doi.org/10.24815/kanun.v20i1.9625.
Hartanto, Dwiyana Achmad. Kontribusi hukum Islam dalam pembaharuan hukum pi-dana di Indonesia (Studi Pidana Cambuk Di Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam). Al-Ahkam ~ Vol. 1, Nomor 2, 2016. http://www.iain-surakarta.ac.id
Iskandar, Pelaksanaan syariat Islam di Aceh, Jurnal Serambi Akademica, Volume, No. 1, Mei 2018.
https://doi.org/10.32672/jsa.v7i2
Kamarusdiana, Qânûn jinâyat Aceh dalam per-spektif negara hukum Indonesia, Jurnal Ahkam: Vol. Xvi, No. 2, Juli 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v16i2.4445
Marzal, Amri, Struktural- Fungsionalisme, Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia, No. 52, p. 127.
https://doi.org/10.7454/ai.v30i2.3558.
Nurdin, Abidin, Repositioning of ulama role in the application islamic law in Aceh. JurnalAl-Qalam,2016, Vol.18 No.1, p. 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31969/alq.v18i1.244
Nurdin, Ridwan, Kedudukan qanun jinayat Aceh dalam sistem hukum pidana nasional In-donesia, Jurnal Miqot Vol. Xlii No. 2 Juli-Desember 2018.
http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/miqot.v42i2.54.
Ulya, Zaki, Dinamika penerapan hukum jinayat sebagai wujud rekonstruksi syariat Islam di Aceh. Jurnal Rechts Vinding Media Pem-binaan Hukum Nasional, Volume5, No-mor 1, April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.33331/rechtsvinding.v5i1.9.
Books
Abubakar, Al-Yasa, Bunga rampai pelaksanaan syariat Islam, Banda Aceh: Dinas Syariat Is-lam, 2005.
……………………., Syariat Islam di Aceh se-bagai keistimewaan otonomi asimetris (Telaah konsep dan kewenangan), Banda Aceh: Uni-versitas Muhammadiyah dan Shahifah, 2019.
……………………., Syariat Islam di provinsi Aceh, paradigma kebijakan dan kegiatan. Banda Aceh: Dinas Syariat Islam Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam.
Amal, Taufik Adnan dan Syamsu Rizal Panggabean, Politik syariat Islam: Dari In-donesia hingga Nigeria, Jakarta: Pustaka Al-vabet.
Audah, Abd al-Qadir, al-Tasyri’ al-jina’ al-Islami muqarran bi al-qanun al-w adh’i, Beirut: Muassasah ar-Risalah, 1992, Jilid I.
Azra, Azyumardi, Jaringan ulama Timur Ten-gah dan kepulauan nusantara abad XVIII, Mizan, Bandung, 1994.
Badudu, J.S dan Sutan M. Zain, Kamus umum bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Pustaka Sinar Harapan, 2001.
Dinas Syariat Islam Aceh, Himpunan un-dang-undang, keputusan presiden, pera-turan daerah/qanun, instruksi gubernur, edaran gubernur berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan syariat Islam (edisi kedelapan), 2010.
Friedman, Lawrence M., Sistem hukum, per-spektif ilmu sosial, Penerjemah M. Khozim, Bandung: Nusamedia, 2009.
Haliman, Hukum pidana syariat Islam, Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1971.
Hamdan, “Problematika pelaksanaan hukum jinâyat di provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darus-salam,” Makalah Rakernas MA, Jakarta, 18-22 September 2011.
Hamid, Ahmad Humam, Analisa data dalam penelitian ilmu-ilmu sosial, Makalah pada pelatihan penelitian ilmu-ilmu sosial, Pusat Penelitian Ilmu Sosial Budaya, Da-russalam, Banda Aceh, 1997.
Ibrahim, Muslim, “Langkah-langkah pen-erapan syariat di Aceh,” dalam Buchori Yusuf & Iman Santoso (et.al.), Penerapan Syariat Islam di Indonesia antara peluang dan tantangan, Jakarta: Globalmedia, 2004.
Ilyas, Muhammad Natsir “Mengkaji kewenangan wilayatul hisbah” dalam maka-lah yang disampaikan di Banda Aceh 13 Oktober 2006.
Isfahâni , Ar-Raghib al-, Mufradât fi gharî b al-quran, Beirut: Dar al-Ma’rifah, tth.
J. Supranto, Metode Riset, Cet. I, Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 1997.
Kartodirdjo,Sartono, Perspektif ilmu sosial da-lam metodologi sejarah, Jakarta: Gramedia, 1993.
Kusumaatmadja,, Mochtar Fungsi hukum da-lam masyarakat yang sedang membangun, Ja-karta: BPHN-Binacipta, 1978.
Miles, Matthew B. dan A.Michael Huber-man, Qualitative data analysis: a source book of new methods. Newbury Park: Sage Pub-lications, 1984.
Muleong, Metodologi penelitian kualitatif, Bandung: Rosda Karya, 1997.
Mulyono, Managemen administrasi dan organ-isasi pendidikan, Yogyakarta: AlRuzz Me-dia, 2008.
Munawir, Ahmad Warson, Kamus al-munawwir, Yogyakarta: Unit Pengadaan Buku-buku Ilmiyah Keagamaan Pesantren, 1986.
Musthafa, Ibrahim & Ahmad Hasan al-Zayat, al-Mu’jam al-wasît, Mesir:
Syarikah Musâhamah al-Mishriyyah, 1960, Jilid I.
Nazir, Moh., Metode penelitian , Jakarta: Gli-alia Indonesia, 1985.
Parsons, Talcott. 1937. The Structure of social action. New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill Bo Company.
Price, Daniel E., Islamic political culture democ-racy, and human right a comparative study. London: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data, 1962.
Râzi, Muhammad bin Abû Bakar. al- Mukhtar shihah, Beirut: Dâr al-Kitâb al-`Arabi, 1979.
Ritzer, George, Teori sosiologi modern, ter-jemahan Alimandan, Jakarta: Kencana Prana Media Group, 2012.
S.P., Hasibuan, Malayu. Manajemen sumber daya manusia, Jakarta: PT Bumi Askara, 2011.
Salim, Arskal dan Azyumardi Azra (eds), Sharia and politics in modern indonesia, died-it oleh Arskal Salim dan Azyumardi Az-ra, Singapore: ISEAS, 2003.
Soekanto, Soerjono, Masalah kedudukan dan peranan hukum adat, Jakarta: Akademika, 1979.
Sugiono, Metode penelitian pendidikan: pen-dekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R & D, Bandung: al-Fabet, 2006.Sulaiman,
Nashruddin, Aceh: Manusia, masyarakat, adat dan budaya, Banda Aceh: Pusat Dokumen-tasi dan Informasi, 1992.
Tim Penulis IAIN Syarif Hidayatullah, En-siklopedi Islam Indonesia, Jakarta: Penerbit Djambatan, 1992.
Zuhaili, Wahbah az-, al-Fiqh al-Islami wa adil-latuh, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1984, Jilid VI.
Laws
Law No. 22/ 1999 on Regional Government Law No. 44/ 1999 on Organizing Privi-leges Province of the Special Region of Aceh
Law No. 18/ 2001 on Special Autonomy for the Province of the Special Region of Aceh as the Province of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam
Law No. 11 tahun 2006 on Aceh Govern-ment
Qanun No. 12/ 2003 on Alcohol
Qanun No. 13/ 2003 on Gambling
Qanun No. 14/ 2003 on Seclusion
Qanun No. 7/ 2013 on Criminal Procedure Law
Qanun No. 6/ 2014 on Jinayah L
Agustiansyah, Resistensi Penegakan Syariat Islam di Aceh Tenggara, Journal Of Con-temporary Islam And Muslim Societies, Vol. 1 No. 2 Juli-Desember 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/jcims.v1i2.1392
Amsori & Jailani, Legislasi Qanun Jinayat Aceh dalam Sistem Hukum Nasional, Ar-Raniry, International Journal Of Islamic Studies Vol. 4 , No. 2, Desember 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/jar.v4i2.7549.
Berutu, Ali Geno, Faktor Penghambat dalam Penegakan Qanun Jinayat di Aceh (Studi Ka-sus Penerapan Qanun no. 14 tahun 2003 di Kota Subulussalam), Jurnal Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum, Vol.14. Issue 2, Desember 2017.
https://doi.org/10.32332/istinbath.v14i2.951.
Endri, Analisis yuridis terhadap legalitas qanun Aceh No. 6/2014 Tentang Hukum Jinayat, Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 20, No. 1, (April, 2018), p. 123-147. https://doi.org/10.24815/kanun.v20i1.9625.
Hartanto, Dwiyana Achmad. Kontribusi hukum Islam dalam pembaharuan hukum pi-dana di Indonesia (Studi Pidana Cambuk Di Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam). Al-Ahkam ~ Vol. 1, Nomor 2, 2016. http://www.iain-surakarta.ac.id
Iskandar, Pelaksanaan syariat Islam di Aceh, Jurnal Serambi Akademica, Volume, No. 1, Mei 2018.
https://doi.org/10.32672/jsa.v7i2
Kamarusdiana, Qânûn jinâyat Aceh dalam per-spektif negara hukum Indonesia, Jurnal Ahkam: Vol. Xvi, No. 2, Juli 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v16i2.4445
Marzal, Amri, Struktural- Fungsionalisme, Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia, No. 52, p. 127.
https://doi.org/10.7454/ai.v30i2.3558.
Nurdin, Abidin, Repositioning of ulama role in the application islamic law in Aceh. JurnalAl-Qalam,2016, Vol.18 No.1, p. 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31969/alq.v18i1.244
Nurdin, Ridwan, Kedudukan qanun jinayat Aceh dalam sistem hukum pidana nasional In-donesia, Jurnal Miqot Vol. Xlii No. 2 Juli-Desember 2018.
http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/miqot.v42i2.54.
Ulya, Zaki, Dinamika penerapan hukum jinayat sebagai wujud rekonstruksi syariat Islam di Aceh. Jurnal Rechts Vinding Media Pem-binaan Hukum Nasional, Volume5, No-mor 1, April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.33331/rechtsvinding.v5i1.9.
Books
Abubakar, Al-Yasa, Bunga rampai pelaksanaan syariat Islam, Banda Aceh: Dinas Syariat Is-lam, 2005.
……………………., Syariat Islam di Aceh se-bagai keistimewaan otonomi asimetris (Telaah konsep dan kewenangan), Banda Aceh: Uni-versitas Muhammadiyah dan Shahifah, 2019.
……………………., Syariat Islam di provinsi Aceh, paradigma kebijakan dan kegiatan. Banda Aceh: Dinas Syariat Islam Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam.
Amal, Taufik Adnan dan Syamsu Rizal Panggabean, Politik syariat Islam: Dari In-donesia hingga Nigeria, Jakarta: Pustaka Al-vabet.
Audah, Abd al-Qadir, al-Tasyri’ al-jina’ al-Islami muqarran bi al-qanun al-w adh’i, Beirut: Muassasah ar-Risalah, 1992, Jilid I.
Azra, Azyumardi, Jaringan ulama Timur Ten-gah dan kepulauan nusantara abad XVIII, Mizan, Bandung, 1994.
Badudu, J.S dan Sutan M. Zain, Kamus umum bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Pustaka Sinar Harapan, 2001.
Dinas Syariat Islam Aceh, Himpunan un-dang-undang, keputusan presiden, pera-turan daerah/qanun, instruksi gubernur, edaran gubernur berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan syariat Islam (edisi kedelapan), 2010.
Friedman, Lawrence M., Sistem hukum, per-spektif ilmu sosial, Penerjemah M. Khozim, Bandung: Nusamedia, 2009.
Haliman, Hukum pidana syariat Islam, Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1971.
Hamdan, “Problematika pelaksanaan hukum jinâyat di provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darus-salam,” Makalah Rakernas MA, Jakarta, 18-22 September 2011.
Hamid, Ahmad Humam, Analisa data dalam penelitian ilmu-ilmu sosial, Makalah pada pelatihan penelitian ilmu-ilmu sosial, Pusat Penelitian Ilmu Sosial Budaya, Da-russalam, Banda Aceh, 1997.
Ibrahim, Muslim, “Langkah-langkah pen-erapan syariat di Aceh,” dalam Buchori Yusuf & Iman Santoso (et.al.), Penerapan Syariat Islam di Indonesia antara peluang dan tantangan, Jakarta: Globalmedia, 2004.
Ilyas, Muhammad Natsir “Mengkaji kewenangan wilayatul hisbah” dalam maka-lah yang disampaikan di Banda Aceh 13 Oktober 2006.
Isfahâni , Ar-Raghib al-, Mufradât fi gharî b al-quran, Beirut: Dar al-Ma’rifah, tth.
J. Supranto, Metode Riset, Cet. I, Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 1997.
Kartodirdjo,Sartono, Perspektif ilmu sosial da-lam metodologi sejarah, Jakarta: Gramedia, 1993.
Kusumaatmadja,, Mochtar Fungsi hukum da-lam masyarakat yang sedang membangun, Ja-karta: BPHN-Binacipta, 1978.
Miles, Matthew B. dan A.Michael Huber-man, Qualitative data analysis: a source book of new methods. Newbury Park: Sage Pub-lications, 1984.
Muleong, Metodologi penelitian kualitatif, Bandung: Rosda Karya, 1997.
Mulyono, Managemen administrasi dan organ-isasi pendidikan, Yogyakarta: AlRuzz Me-dia, 2008.
Munawir, Ahmad Warson, Kamus al-munawwir, Yogyakarta: Unit Pengadaan Buku-buku Ilmiyah Keagamaan Pesantren, 1986.
Musthafa, Ibrahim & Ahmad Hasan al-Zayat, al-Mu’jam al-wasît, Mesir:
Syarikah Musâhamah al-Mishriyyah, 1960, Jilid I.
Nazir, Moh., Metode penelitian , Jakarta: Gli-alia Indonesia, 1985.
Parsons, Talcott. 1937. The Structure of social action. New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill Bo Company.
Price, Daniel E., Islamic political culture democ-racy, and human right a comparative study. London: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data, 1962.
Râzi, Muhammad bin Abû Bakar. al- Mukhtar shihah, Beirut: Dâr al-Kitâb al-`Arabi, 1979.
Ritzer, George, Teori sosiologi modern, ter-jemahan Alimandan, Jakarta: Kencana Prana Media Group, 2012.
S.P., Hasibuan, Malayu. Manajemen sumber daya manusia, Jakarta: PT Bumi Askara, 2011.
Salim, Arskal dan Azyumardi Azra (eds), Sharia and politics in modern indonesia, died-it oleh Arskal Salim dan Azyumardi Az-ra, Singapore: ISEAS, 2003.
Soekanto, Soerjono, Masalah kedudukan dan peranan hukum adat, Jakarta: Akademika, 1979.
Sugiono, Metode penelitian pendidikan: pen-dekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R & D, Bandung: al-Fabet, 2006.Sulaiman,
Nashruddin, Aceh: Manusia, masyarakat, adat dan budaya, Banda Aceh: Pusat Dokumen-tasi dan Informasi, 1992.
Tim Penulis IAIN Syarif Hidayatullah, En-siklopedi Islam Indonesia, Jakarta: Penerbit Djambatan, 1992.
Zuhaili, Wahbah az-, al-Fiqh al-Islami wa adil-latuh, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1984, Jilid VI.
Laws
Law No. 22/ 1999 on Regional Government Law No. 44/ 1999 on Organizing Privi-leges Province of the Special Region of Aceh
Law No. 18/ 2001 on Special Autonomy for the Province of the Special Region of Aceh as the Province of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam
Law No. 11 tahun 2006 on Aceh Govern-ment
Qanun No. 12/ 2003 on Alcohol
Qanun No. 13/ 2003 on Gambling
Qanun No. 14/ 2003 on Seclusion
Qanun No. 7/ 2013 on Criminal Procedure Law
Qanun No. 6/ 2014 on Jinayah L
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Published
2021-12-26
How to Cite
Roslaili, Y., Suparwany, S., & Ahmad Nadzri, A. B. (2021). Why the Growth of Qanun Jinayah in Aceh was Slowly? An Analysis Using Structural Functionalism Theory. Al-Risalah: Forum Kajian Hukum Dan Sosial Kemasyarakatan, 21(2), 182–193. https://doi.org/10.30631/alrisalah.v21i2.928
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Copyright (c) 2021 Yuni Roslaili, Suparwany Suparwany, Amirulhakim Bin Ahmad Nadzri
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
